Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion dollars were spent, but it is unlivable

2023-12-08 20:38:41Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion
Forest City

"I managed to escape from this place", Nazmi Hanafiah laughs a little nervously.

A year ago, this 30-year-old IT engineer moved to Forest City, a large Chinese-built housing complex in Johor, southern Malaysia. He rented a one-room apartment in a skyscraper overlooking the sea.

After six months there, he had endured a lot. He did not want to continue living, as he said, in a "ghost town". "I didn't care about my deposit, I didn't care about the money. I had to leave," said Hanafiah, who met BBC reporters in the building where he lived. "I have chills to return here. You are very lonely here, just you and your thoughts," explains Hanafia.

A $100 billion project

As part of the Belt and Road Initiative, China's largest real estate company Country Garden unveiled Forest City in 2016, a megaproject worth $100 billion. At the time, China's real estate boom was in full swing. Investors borrowed large sums of money for construction at home and abroad for middle-class buyers.

Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion

Country Garden's plan was to build an eco-friendly metropolis in Malaysia with a golf course, water park, offices, bars and restaurants. The company claimed that Forest City would eventually be home to nearly a million people.

Eight years later, the project stands as a reminder that you don't have to be in China to feel the effects of China's real estate crisis. Only 15 percent of the entire project has been built so far, and according to recent estimates, just over one percent of the total construction is being utilized.

Despite facing nearly $200 billion in debt, Country Garden told the BBC it was optimistic about completing the project.

Forest City is described as "a dream paradise for all mankind". But in reality it was aimed at the domestic Chinese market, offering ambitious people the opportunity to own a second home abroad. The prices were out of reach for most ordinary Malaysians.

For Chinese buyers, the property would be an investment that could be rented out to local Malaysians, such as Hanafiah, or used as a holiday home. In reality, Forest City's isolated location, built on reclaimed islands far from the nearest major city of Johor Bahru, drove away potential tenants and earned it the local nickname of "Ghost Town".

Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion

"To be honest, it's creepy here. I had high expectations for this place but it was such a bad experience. There is nothing to do here,” Hanafiah said.

Deserted beach and playgrounds

Forest City jep një atmosferë të çuditshme, duket si një vendpushim veror i braktisur. Në një plazh të shkretë ka një kënd lojërash për fëmijë të lënë pas dore, një makinë të vjetër të ndryshkur dhe një shkallë të bardhë betoni që nuk të çon askund. Pranë ujit janë vendosur shenja paralajmëruese se noti nuk rekomandohet për shkak të krokodilëve.

Në qendrën tregtare të ndërtuar aty, shumë dyqane dhe restorante janë të mbyllura. Disa bare as nuk kanë mbaruar. Në një skenë surreale, një tren i zbrazët për fëmijë rrotullohet rreth qendrës tregtare duke luajtur vazhdimisht në kinezisht “Kokat, shpatullat, gjunjët dhe gishtat e këmbëve”.

Kur bie nata, errësira mbulon Forest City-n. Secili prej blloqeve të mëdha të apartamenteve përmban qindra të tillë, por vetëm disa kanë dritat ndezur. Është e vështirë të besohet se dikush në të vërtetë jeton këtu.

Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion

“Ky vend është rrëqethës. Edhe gjatë ditës, kur del jashtë derës, korridori është i errët,” tha Joanne Kaur, një nga banorët e paktë.

Ajo dhe burri i saj jetojnë në katin e 28-të të një prej rrokaqiejve – ata janë vetëm në të gjithë katin. Ashtu si Hanafiah, ata kanë marrë me qira një apartament dhe planifikojnë të largohen sa më shpejt që të munden.

“Më vjen keq për njerëzit që investuan para dhe blenë një banesë këtu. Forest City në Google nuk është ajo që shihni këtu sot. Supozohej të ishte një projekt që u ishte premtuar njerëzve, por nuk është ashtu,” shtoi Kaur.

Disa pyetën se si mund të merrnin një rimbursim në pronën e tyre, ku njëri tha: “Çmimi i banesës sime ka rënë aq shumë sa kam mbetur pa fjalë”.

Ky lloj zhgënjimi po ndihet në të gjithë Kinën, ku tregu i pasurive të paluajtshme është në rrëmujë. Pas viteve të huamarrjes së shfrenuar nga kompanitë e pasurive të paluajtshme, qeveria kineze pati frikë nga një flluskë dhe vendosi kufizime të forta në vitin 2021. “Shtëpitë janë për të jetuar, jo për spekulime”, ishte mantra e liderit kinez Xi Jinping.

Si pasojë e këtyre masave, kompanitë e mëdha kanë mbetur pa para për të përfunduar projekte të mëdha. Në tetor, Country Garden u detyrua të braktisë dy projekte në Australi, duke shitur një projekt të papërfunduar në Melburn dhe një tjetër në Sydney.

Faktorët politikë lokalë kanë kontribuar gjithashtu në situatën aktuale në qytetin pyjor. Në vitin 2018, kryeministri i atëhershëm i Malajzisë Mahathir Mohamad kufizoi lëshimin e vizave për blerësit kinezë, duke përmendur kundërshtimin e tij ndaj një “qyteti të ndërtuar për të huajt”.

Problemet kineze

Probleme të tjera të papritura, si kufizimet pandemike të udhëtimit dhe kontrollet mbi paratë që qytetarët kinezë mund të shpenzojnë jashtë vendit, kanë penguar veçanërisht projektet jashtë shtetit të nisura nga kompani të tilla si Country Garden.

"I think they went a little too far and too fast. Before embarking on an extremely ambitious project like this, a critical lesson to be learned is to ensure sufficient cash flow,” says Tan Wee Tiam of KGV International Property Consultants, reports the BBC.

Inside the 'ghost town' built by China in Malaysia, 100 billion

This week, the world's most indebted real estate company, Evergrande, faced a liquidation trial in a Hong Kong court. In the end, the Chinese company was granted a six-week extension to agree a repayment plan with its creditors.

Country Garden insists the current situation in the Chinese property market is just "hype" and that its Malaysian subsidiary is "business as usual". The company also said plans to include Forest City in a new special economic zone between Malaysia and neighboring Singapore showed the project was "safe and sustainable".

But without access to money, it's hard to see how projects like Forest City can be completed and how they will attract people to live there. At the moment, real estate built in China is, to put it mildly, difficult to sell.

When it comes to China's real estate crisis, Forest City is a classic case of ambition versus reality. Perhaps some local factors have contributed to the current situation, but this is proof that building tens of thousands of apartments in the middle of nowhere is not enough to convince people to live there.

Ultimately, the fate of Forest City – and hundreds of projects across China – rests with the Chinese government. In October, reports emerged that Country Garden had been placed on a preliminary list of companies to receive financial support from the Chinese government – ​​although the extent of that support is still unclear.

People like Hanafiah are unlikely to return after all: “I will definitely choose more carefully next time. I am happy to leave this country!".



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