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The mystery of the death of 5 Italian divers in the Maldives

2026-05-15 16:46:33Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

The mystery of the death of 5 Italian divers in the Maldives

Five Italian divers, all with advanced deep diving experience, entered the waters of the Maldives for an expedition that should have been routine for professionals of this level.

But something went wrong more than 50 meters deep. Investigators are trying to reconstruct the final minutes of the Vaavu dive, as questions grow about sea conditions, procedures followed and the extreme dangers of technical cave diving.

Among the victims are marine biologist Monica Monfalcone, a lecturer at the University of Genoa, her daughter Giorgia Sommacal, researcher Muriel Oddenino, and diving instructors Gianluca Benedetti and Federico Gualtieri. All had experience in deep diving, which makes the fatal accident that simultaneously involved five professionals in the field even more mysterious.

One of the main leads being investigated is related to the so-called "nitrogen narcosis", a well-known phenomenon in technical diving and particularly dangerous beyond 40 meters of depth.

At 50-60 meters, the nitrogen present in the breathing mixture can seriously affect mental clarity, orientation, and decision-making ability. In some divers it causes euphoria, while in others it causes confusion, slowed reflexes, or loss of orientation.

In a confined environment like an underwater cave, even a few seconds of disorientation can prove fatal. According to the guidelines of international diving organizations such as PADI and DAN, deep dives require specialized technical training, rigorous planning, and advanced emergency procedures.

Cave diving is considered one of the most dangerous in the world of diving. Unlike open-sea diving, in the event of an emergency, the diver cannot immediately surface. For this reason, the so-called “Ariadne’s thread” is used, a line of orientation that helps find the exit even when visibility is zero.

The problem arises when the seabed is disturbed by currents or the movement of reefs, creating a dense cloud of sand that makes the water impenetrable to light. In those conditions, even diving lamps become almost useless.

According to the first elements of the investigation, the group may have lost orientation inside the cave, gradually consuming gas reserves in an attempt to find the exit.

Another line of investigation relates to the possibility of problems with breathing mixtures. The cylinders used in technical diving contain compressed air or special mixtures such as Nitrox, with controlled levels of oxygen and nitrogen. If the compressor that fills the cylinders is not properly maintained, contamination with carbon monoxide or other toxic substances can occur.

Such poisoning can cause drowsiness, loss of consciousness and inability to react. However, experts in the sector consider it unlikely that all members of the group were poisoned at the same time, especially given the experience of the instructors involved.

A yellow weather warning had been issued in the Maldives on the day of the dive. The currents in Vaavu Atoll are known to be particularly dangerous, especially near the entrances to the sunken caves.

Tidal changes can rapidly alter the behavior of water within underwater cavities, creating unexpected eddies and currents. Under such conditions, even a carefully planned dive can turn into a critical situation.

Local regulations typically allow recreational diving up to 30 meters deep. Beyond that limit, technical diving comes into play, requiring advanced certifications and much stricter safety protocols.

The expedition of the five Italians also had scientific objectives, related to the study of the fauna and ecosystems of the atoll's sea caves. This context may have pushed the group towards exploring areas that are usually not accessible to traditional diving tourism.

There is currently no definitive version of the incident. Investigators will need to determine whether it was human error, technical problems, extreme environmental conditions, or a combination of factors.

In the world of diving, serious accidents are rarely caused by a single element. They are often the result of a chain of events, such as extreme depth, stress, strong currents, low visibility, rapid consumption of breathing gas, and disorientation.


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