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Are we on the brink of another war? The country rich in natural resources can be conquered

2023-12-01 08:16:34Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Are we on the brink of another war? The country rich in natural resources can be

Brazil's armed forces have been put on high alert because of recent movements of military equipment and personnel into eastern Venezuela on the border with Guyana, and officials believe Venezuela could soon attack the small South American country.

Guyana Esequiba is a region of about 159,500 km2 west of the Essequibo River, which is currently administered and controlled by Guyana, but which is claimed by Venezuela as part of its territory, Reuters writes.

The roots of the conflict

The dispute dates back to the colonial era, when Spain and the Netherlands competed for control of the area. In 1814, the Netherlands ceded its colonies of Essequibo, Demerara and Berbice to Britain, which later incorporated them into British Guiana.

Venezuela inherited Spain's claim to the region after its independence in 1811, but Britain extended control further west of the Essequibo River in the 19th century.

In 1895, Venezuela sought the help of the United States to resolve the border dispute with Britain, invoking the Monroe Doctrine, which declared the American continent inaccessible to European intervention.

The US intervened and forced Britain to accept international arbitration for the entire disputed area. An arbitration tribunal, convened in Paris in 1898, awarded most of the territory to British Guiana. However, Venezuela later denounced the decision as invalid, stating that the court was biased and corrupted by British influence.

The dispute remained unresolved after Guyana gained independence from Britain in 1966. Venezuela has since sought to annex Guyana, occasionally using military and diplomatic pressure to assert its sovereignty over the region.

Venezuela also rejected the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to resolve the dispute and instead proposed bilateral negotiations with Guyana.

A region rich in natural resources

Guyana is rich in natural resources, such as oil, gas, gold, diamonds and timber, which has attracted the interest of both countries and foreign companies.

In recent years, Guyana has granted exploration and production licenses to several multinational corporations, such as ExxonMobil, to exploit offshore oil and gas reserves in disputed waters.

Venezuela protested against these activities and accused Guyana of violating its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

The tension between the two countries has escalated in the context of the political and economic crisis in Venezuela, which has led to the deterioration of its relations with its neighbors and the international community. Venezuela is accused of human rights violations, corruption, authoritarianism and interference in the internal affairs of other countries.

Venezuela has also faced several challenges to its legitimacy, such as the Venezuelan presidential crisis, which has resulted in the emergence of two rival governments: one led by Nicolas Maduro, who claims to be the constitutional president, and the other led by Juan Guaido, who claims to be the interim president. Guaido is recognized in more than 50 countries, including Brazil.

The role of Brazil

Brazil, as the largest and most influential country in South America, has played an important role in regional events and conflict resolution. Throughout history, Brazil has maintained cordial and cooperative relations with Guyana and Venezuela and has supported peaceful and diplomatic solutions to the dispute over Guyana Esquibon.

However, Brazil's stance has changed significantly under the presidency of Jair Bolsonaro, who has a more confrontational and ideological stance against Venezuela and its allies.

Bolsonaro aligned himself with the US and other countries that recognize Guaidó as Venezuela's legitimate president and condemned Maduro as a dictator and a threat to regional stability and democracy. Bolsonaro also expressed support for Guyana's sovereignty and territorial integrity and criticized Venezuela's claims and actions as aggressive and illegal.

According to some reports, the Brazilian armed forces have been put on high alert due to the significant movement of military equipment and personnel into eastern Venezuela on the border with Guyana, which was recently revealed by satellite imagery and intelligence sources.

Some officials believe that Venezuela may soon invade the small South American country to annex the region of Guyana Esequibas, which makes up more than 60 percent of the country's territory and is claimed by the Venezuelan government.

If this scenario comes to pass, it could trigger a major regional conflict involving not only Guyana and Venezuela, but also Brazil and other neighboring countries, as well as the US and other international actors.


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