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How much of our character do we inherit from our parents? What the study revealed

2026-09-11 23:02:24Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
How much of our character do we inherit from our parents? What the study
Genes only influence our tendencies, but do not determine character.

“You’re anxious like your father,” “you talk a lot like your mother,” or “you get bored of everything like your grandmother.” Many people have heard these comparisons at the family dinner table. And one of the largest studies ever conducted on personality suggests that these similarities are not entirely coincidental.

The study, recently published in the scientific journal Nature, analyzed the genetic data and personality traits of more than a million people. The main conclusion is that personality does indeed have a genetic component, but it is complex, probabilistic, and not at all deterministic.

This means that there is no "character gene" that determines whether a person will be sociable, calm, or prone to anxiety.

Instead, thousands of small changes in DNA can collectively influence how we tend to think, feel, and behave.

The researchers focused on the model known as the "Big Five," one of the most widely used systems for measuring personality. It analyzes five main traits: extraversion (being an outgoing type), willingness to cooperate and altruism, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to new experiences.

Using a method that compares a large number of genetic variants with certain characteristics, the researchers found that each of these traits is associated with an average of more than 16,000 independent DNA variants.

In total, 1,263 variants were identified that showed the strongest statistical association with personality traits. The majority were linked to neuroticism, while other variants were associated with extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and agreeableness.

However, the influence of these genes is relatively limited. The identified variants explained only 5-16 percent of the variation in personality test scores.

So, if someone possesses more genetic variants associated with extraversion, it doesn't necessarily mean that person will be an extrovert.

The researchers also tried to separate the influence of genes from that of the environment. This was important, since members of the same family share not only DNA, but also upbringing, economic conditions, social environment and life experiences.

One part of the study compared dizygotic twin siblings, who have the same parents and are usually raised in the same environment, but do not have identical DNA.

The results showed that people who had inherited a greater genetic predisposition for a particular trait tended to exhibit that trait more strongly.

Another analysis compared parents with their children. The researchers found that genetic links to personality in children were largely related to the variants they actually inherited from their parents.

But this does not mean that our character is written in our DNA. Personality is shaped by the ongoing interaction between biological inheritance and life experiences.

Genes may give us certain tendencies, but family, society, education, and the events we experience equally influence how we become the people we are.


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