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EU - Emergency plan in case of gas absence

2022-07-17 17:10:44Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

EU - Emergency plan in case of gas absence

In the EU an emergency gas plan will have to soften the situation of the crisis. However, it's just a recommendation. Against the Russian attack on the energy market, this plan is only subject to conditionality.

What rules are they worth in the EU, if the gas decreases?

If Russia after the end of work on the Nord Stream 1 pipeline will no longer continue to supply gas, then an EU guide to gas supply comes into force. SOS- Security of Supply regulation from 2017. All EU states must have emergency plans and a three-phase alert system. Not all governments are prepared in this form.

EU countries are divided into regional groups, which share risks simultaneously. P.sh. The Baltic countries and Finland, which were fully dependent on Russian gas, are part of a group. Another group, Portugal, Spain and France that receive only a few Russian gas, and would not be directly affected by a supply standoff. In the event of a crisis, EU states are forced to show solidarity, i.e. to give gas to each other and exchange information. In addition, EU countries must have 80% gas reserves filled at the beginning of the heating period in the autumn. Experts say that in the event of a lack of Russian supplies, mutual supply or stockfilling is difficult.

What is Germany's role in the EU gas market?

Germany is the largest buyer of Russian gas in Europe and an important transit country for gas transported through Nord Stream 1 and other conductors. What would happen if Germany stopped receiving Russian gas? He had to share gas with other countries, though he himself suffers from gas shortages? German Economy Minister Robert Habeck these times negotiates solidarity agreements for emergency supply with neighbouring countries. "We have to understand all the scenarios of what happens. So when it is necessary to declare the state of emergency of lack of gas, what steps are taken, to know exactly what happens," Habeck said at a meeting with his Czech counterpart, Josef Sikela.

Habeck negotiated a deal with Czech. Gas shortages must be jointly managed so that particular countries are not hit by tariffs. The Czech republic receives natural gas almost entirely from the pipelines in Germany. Poland is also supplied with gas from Germany through Nord Stream 1. Switzerland is entirely dependent on gas supplies from Germany.

Will solidarity work in the gas supply?

The EU's SOS regulation envisions that gas will only be offered to those states that have declared a state of emergency and have done everything to reduce consumption. The purchase or sale of gas will continue to be made by partially private or state suppliers. Limiting prices, a proposal from Italy, the EU rejects as unproductive. Bulgaria, which is boycotted by Gazprom, allows the passage of Russian gas passing through the TurkStream pipeline into the country and brings gas to Serbia and Hungary. But would that work in case of a crisis?

Hungary has declared a state of emergency and banned all energy exports, so it has renounced solidarity within the EU. A step that expert Georg Zachmann from the Bruegel Institute in Brussels criticises. "For a portless country with a consumption of 10 milliars of cubic meters and a reserve of 3 billion cubic meters, I am not sure if this is a wise decision."

The European Commission has long recommended that member states tie solidarity agreements. So far Germany has agreements with Denmark, Austria and Czech Republic. Other deal is with Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, Italy and Slovenia. A separate complexity also constitutes ownership relations. Thus the Finnish state owns one of the largest gas suppliers in Germany. In case of crisis, who country saves which enterprise?

Christian Democrat MEP Markus Weber thinks the problem is not solved through coordination, as the EU predicts. There's just very little gas in use, he says. "That's how we can't make it in winter."

What do member states do to avoid the crisis?

The search for alternatives is taking place at a high intensity. The Baltic states and Germany will be based in the future on liquid gas from the Near East or the US, which must arrive at water terminals, still unbuilt. Italy buys gas contingents in Algeria and Azerbaijan. Additional gas from Norway, Great Britain, Algeria or the Netherlands is being bought, but at much higher prices.

But these will not be enough if Russian gas is interrupted, according to the EU Commission (EC). Brussels requires gas savings for certain public institutions. German Economy Minister Robert Habeck says that in an extreme case, not necessarily given priority to private homes before industry. The EC presents the emergency plan next week.


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