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Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?

2022-05-14 18:16:05Histori SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?
Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?

Was it one of the most powerful empires in world history and how was it created? What made him fall? Was it the longest lasting empire in history?

This debate is so complex that it is difficult to say in a few words. But this great world power has been ever-changing - an Islamic network made up of Mediterranean countries (excluding Italy) - started in 1299 and ending some 700 years later.

This means that it has certainly surpassed the British Empire in terms of longevity. Depending on the dates, it can be said that the Roman Empire lasted longer, starting in the first century BC until the 5th century AD.

What about the Ottoman Empire?

The name comes from the first founder of the dynasty, Osman I, who ruled the Empire. The area known as Anatolia, or Asia Minor, was divided into numerous Turkish states after the end of the medieval Roman Sultanate. At the same time, the Byzantine Empire (named after the Roman Empire) was in decline. Uthman and his followers went there to carry out numerous raids.

In the beginning, the base of Ottoman rule was one of the many in the region. Osman's son, Orhan, however, was more interested in the conquests, and thus extended his land to the Balkans. He also blocked trade routes to reduce Byzantine control to the west and north, which allowed for further expansion of the Ottoman Empire.

After all, the greatest treasure captured in the entire hemisphere was the city of Constantinople, the seat of the Byzantine Empire for 1000 years.

Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?

Was this a march to greatness?

After the war with the Byzantines, the Mongol invasions, internal strife and crusades from the west, riots and civil wars were also present, especially when Osman's great-grandson Sultan Bayazit was imprisoned by the Turkish-Mongol leader Timur.

Then there was his nephew, Mehmed the Conqueror, who gained a reputation as the man who took Constantinople.

During this time, the city became known as "Istanbul" which according to the Greeks meant "city", but by the citizens themselves means "completely Islamic".

Mehmed's forces had taken control of the areas surrounding the city, including strategic hotspots in the Bosphorus Strait, and it all ended with the 57-day siege campaign, beginning in April 1453. When the Sultan set foot in the capital of young he proclaimed himself Caesar.

Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?

Was it a harsh regime, according to Sharia law?

It is somewhat true when it is said that the Ottomans were more brutal in the decisions they took than any other European power of the time.

The Orthodox Christian Church was highly preserved, and the sultans also formed alliances with French rulers. In the mid-16th century, during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire boasted a population of more than 15 million people across three continents, as well as being one of the strongest military and naval forces on the planet.

Ottoman Empire: How was it created and what made it fall?

What went wrong?

Managing to preserve the Empire for over four centuries can hardly be called "something wrong."

However, it is true that in the 19th century, the Empire, no longer at its maximum power, was known as the "Sick of Europe" - a term coined by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia during the Crimean War.

Russia emerged as one of the main opponents of the Ottoman Empire, and the Crimean War was partly caused by the fall of the Empire, and the rising European powers struggled to seize their territories.

Despite the dissolution of the Empire, European allied forces failed to take over the Turkish peninsula.

However, Turkish forces became so tense that the signing of the armistice in 1918 handed over Istanbul to the British and French, who gradually began to take over the Ottoman Empire.

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