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The war in Ukraine has entered its 17th month, what is NATO's role in supporting Kiev?

2023-07-11 21:46:36Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA ASSOCIATED PRESS
The war in Ukraine has entered its 17th month, what is NATO's role in
The war in Ukraine has entered its 17th month, what is NATO's role in supporting Kiev?

VILNIUS, Lithuania (AP) — As Russia's war against Ukraine enters its 17th month, Western countries increasingly send high-tech, long-range weapons and ammunition to help President Volodymyr Zelenskyy defend his country, it is difficult to follow NATO's role in this direction.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg – the most senior civilian official in the world's largest security alliance – has repeatedly praised the allies for helping Ukrainian troops. But when he does so, Mr. Stoltenberg is referring to individual member states, not NATO as an organization. As NATO's high-level meeting in the Lithuanian capital gets under way on Tuesday, we take a look at the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and what it is doing to help Ukraine.

NATO AID, JUST NOT LETHAL

The 31-member military alliance provides only non-lethal support to Ukraine: fuel, combat munitions, medical supplies, armor, winter uniforms and equipment to eliminate mines, chemical and biological threats and drones.

NATO makes its decisions by consensus, and not all member countries agree on sending weapons. The alliance does not impose sanctions, although some of its members do so through other organizations such as the European Union.

MEMBERSHIP PROSPECTS OF UKRAINE

NATO is helping Ukraine's armed forces modernize and transition from Soviet-era military equipment and doctrine to modern NATO equipment to allow its military to seamlessly cooperate with allied forces. NATO is also helping to strengthen Ukraine's defense and security institutions.

This aid is designed to ensure that Ukraine can join NATO at some point in the future, long after the war is over. US President Joe Biden and his counterparts - who are holding a high-level meeting in the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius - have promised that the country will eventually win membership in the alliance.

NATO'S READINESS IN THE REGION

NATO's main goal since Russia began massing its troops around Ukraine in 2021 has been to shore up its territory, especially the countries on its eastern flank - next to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus - from Estonia north to Romania on the Black Sea.

As the war now enters its 17th month, NATO aims to prevent Russian President Vladimir Putin from expanding the conflict into the territory of any allied country further west.

About 40,000 troops are on alert along the eastern flank. About 100 aircraft take to the skies in that territory every day and 27 warships are operating in the Baltic Sea and Mediterranean this month. These numbers are expected to increase.

Under new plans to be approved in Vilnius, NATO aims to have up to 300,000 troops ready to move to its eastern flank within 30 days. The plans divide its territory into three zones - the northern and Atlantic zone, an area north of the Alps and another in southern Europe.

MEMBER COUNTRIES

The forces and materials that NATO collects for its defense come from member countries. NATO has no weapons of its own. Warships, fighter jets, missiles and a potential pool of more than 3 million personnel are owned and supplied by member states, mostly at their own cost.

The only equipment NATO has is a fleet of early warning radar planes and a few surveillance drones.

The NATO alliance, with its headquarters in Brussels and military base in Mons, Belgium, is open to any European country that wants to join and can meet the requirements and obligations. Finland joined in April and its Nordic neighbor Sweden is on the verge of joining its ranks.

The Soviet Union, during the Cold War, and Russia have been the main preoccupations since the organization's founding in 1949, and in many ways remain NATO's raison d'être.

DOMINANT US PRESENCE

Shtetet e Bashkuara janë pa dyshim anëtari më i madh dhe më me ndikim i aleancës. Ato shpenzojnë më shumë për buxhetin ushtarak të aleancës se të gjithë vendet e tjera së bashku. Uashingtoni gjithashtu paguan pothuajse një të katërtën e financimit të përbashkët të NATO-s për infrastrukturën dhe pajisjet në pronësi kolektive.

Pra, Uashingtoni ka një rol të madh në mënyrën se si drejtohen gjërat, dhe aleatët më të vegjël dëshirojnë të stërviten dhe të punojnë me forcat amerikane, sepse kjo u jep atyre qasje në pajisje dhe ekspertizë që ata nuk mund t'i përballojnë të vetëm.

ROLI I STOLTENBERG-ut

Këshilli i Atlantikut të Veriut takohet pothuajse çdo javë në nivel ambasadorësh në Bruksel, dhe më rrallë në nivel ministror dhe me krerët e shteteve, dhe kryesohet nga Jens Stoltenberg.

Në thelb, ish-kryeministri norvegjez drejton selinë e vendosur pranë aeroportit të Brukselit, një ndërtesë e madhe që kushtoi mbi 1 miliard euro për t'u ndërtuar.

Detyra zotit Stoltenberg është të inkurajojë konsensusin dhe të flasë publikisht si një zë i vetëm që përfaqëson të 31 anëtarët.

KLAUZOLA E MBROJTJES SË PËRBASHKËT

Në terren, NATO-ja ka ndihmuar për të ruajtur paqen në Ballkan dhe ka luftuar kryengritjen e udhëhequr nga talebanët në Afganistanin e shkatërruar nga lufta përpara se grupi të merrte kontrollin e vendit – operacioni më i madh i aleancës ndonjëherë. Ai nisi pasi Shtetet e Bashkuara vendosën klauzolën e përbashkët të mbrojtjes "të gjithë për një dhe një për të gjithë" pas sulmeve të 11 shtatorit.

It is the only time the clause, known as Article 5, has been used. This security guarantee is the reason why Finland and Sweden sought to join NATO and why Ukraine and other countries in Europe also want to join the alliance.


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