The United States has submitted a 28-point peace plan to both Ukraine and Russia. Ukrainian experts have called the plan a "capitulation" because it calls for the surrender of territory to Russia and the reduction of military power.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said his country is facing one of the most difficult situations in its history. He said it will have to choose between "dignity" or a friend like the United States.
Vladimir Putin, on the other hand, said the plan is a moderate version of what he had discussed with US President Donald Trump in Alaska. Neither Zelensky nor Putin have commented specifically on the plan.
The Financial Times has fully revealed the 28-point American plan:
1. The sovereignty of Ukraine will be confirmed.
2. A comprehensive non-aggression pact will be concluded between Russia, Ukraine and Europe. All the ambiguities of the last 30 years will be considered resolved.
3. It is expected that Russia will not invade neighboring countries and NATO will not expand further.
4. A dialogue will be held between Russia and NATO, mediated by the United States, to resolve all security issues and create conditions for de-escalation in order to ensure global security and increase opportunities for future cooperation and economic development.
5. Ukraine will receive reliable security guarantees.
6. The size of the Armed Forces of Ukraine will be limited to 600,000 personnel.
7. Ukraine agrees to include in its constitution that it will not join NATO, and NATO agrees to include in its charters a provision that Ukraine will not be admitted in the future.
8. NATO agrees not to station troops in Ukraine.
9. European fighter jets will be stationed in Poland.
10. US Warranty:
The US will receive compensation for the guarantee.
If Ukraine invades Russia, it will lose the guarantee.
If Russia invades Ukraine, barring a decisive and coordinated military response, all global sanctions will be reinstated, recognition of the new territory, and all other benefits of this agreement will be revoked.
If Ukraine launches a missile at Moscow or St. Petersburg without cause, the security guarantee will be considered invalid.
11. Ukraine is eligible for EU membership and will receive short-term preferential access to the European market while this issue is being considered.
12. A robust global package of measures to rebuild Ukraine, including, but not limited to:
a. Creating a Fund for the Development of Ukraine to invest in fast-growing industries, including technology, data centers, and artificial intelligence.
b. The United States will cooperate with Ukraine to jointly reconstruct, develop, modernize, and operate Ukraine's gas infrastructure, including pipelines and storage facilities.
c. Joint efforts to rehabilitate areas affected by the war for the restoration, reconstruction and modernization of cities and residential areas.
d. Infrastructure development.
e. Extraction of minerals and natural resources.
f. The World Bank will develop a special financing package to accelerate these efforts.
13. Russia will reintegrate into the global economy:
a. The lifting of sanctions will be discussed and approved in phases and on a case-by-case basis.
b. The United States will enter into a long-term economic cooperation agreement for mutual development in the areas of energy, natural resources, infrastructure, artificial intelligence, data centers, rare earth mining projects in the Arctic, and other mutually beneficial opportunities for corporations.
c. Russia will be invited to rejoin the G8.
14. The frozen funds will be used as follows: $100 billion in frozen Russian assets will be invested in US-led efforts to rebuild and invest in Ukraine. The US will receive 50% of the profits from this venture. Europe will add $100 billion to increase the amount of investment available for rebuilding Ukraine. The rest of the frozen Russian funds will be invested in a special US-Russia investment vehicle that will implement joint projects in specific areas. This fund will aim to strengthen relations and increase common interests to create a strong incentive not to return to conflict.
15. A joint US-Russian working group on security issues will be established to promote and ensure compliance with all provisions of this agreement.
16. Russia will enshrine in law its policy of non-aggression towards Europe and Ukraine.
17. The United States and Russia will agree to extend the validity of treaties on the non-proliferation and control of nuclear weapons, including the START I Treaty.
18. Ukraine agrees to be a non-nuclear state in accordance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
19. The Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant will be put into operation under IAEA supervision, and the electricity produced will be distributed equally between Russia and Ukraine - 50:50.
20. Both countries commit to implementing educational programs in schools and society aimed at promoting understanding and tolerance of different cultures and eliminating racism and prejudice:
a. Ukraine will adopt EU rules on religious tolerance and the protection of linguistic minorities.
b. The two countries will agree to abolish all discriminatory measures and guarantee the rights of Ukrainian and Russian media and education.
c. All Nazi ideologies and activities must be rejected and banned.
21. Territories:
a. Crimea, Luhansk, and Donetsk will be recognized as de facto Russian, including by the United States.
b. Kherson and Zaporizhzhia will be established along the contact line, which means de facto recognition along the contact line.
c. Russia will give up other agreed territories that it controls outside the five regions.
d. Ukrainian forces will withdraw from the part of Donetsk Oblast that they currently control, and this withdrawal zone will be considered a neutral demilitarized zone, internationally recognized as territory belonging to the Russian Federation. Russian forces will not enter this demilitarized zone.
22. Having agreed on future territorial agreements, both the Russian Federation and Ukraine undertake not to change these agreements by force. No security guarantees will apply in the event of a breach of this commitment.
23. Russia will not prevent Ukraine from using the Dnieper River for commercial activities, and agreements will be reached for the free transportation of grain through the Black Sea.
24. A humanitarian committee will be established to resolve outstanding issues:
a. All remaining prisoners and bodies will be exchanged on the basis of the "all for all" principle.
b. All civilian detainees and hostages will be returned, including children.
c. A family reunification program will be implemented.
d. Measures will be taken to alleviate the suffering of the victims of the conflict.
25. Ukraine will hold elections in 100 days.
26. All parties involved in this conflict will receive full amnesty for their actions during the war and will agree not to make any claims or entertain any complaints in the future.
27. This agreement will be legally binding. Its implementation will be monitored and guaranteed by the Peace Council, chaired by President Donald J. Trump. Sanctions will be imposed for violations.
28. Once all parties agree to this memorandum, the ceasefire will enter into force immediately after both parties withdraw to the agreed points to begin implementing the agreement.