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Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the curse after her death

2023-11-02 17:23:46Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

 

Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the
Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the curse after her death

 

The Illyrian Queen Teuta is one of the most extraordinary figures of Illyrian antiquity and Albanian heritage, writes the Turkish magazine " Arkeonews " in an article.

She was also called the pirate queen and folklore says she was wiser than the snake, braver than the lion and more beautiful than the fairies.

Bordered by the Adriatic Sea to the west and the Morava River to the east, Illyria corresponds to parts of present-day Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Serbia and Albania.

Teuta was the first child of a noble Illyrian family and was born around 268 BC

She received a traditional education, but was also trained in the art of war, hunting, riding, etc.

The ancient Illyrians, like the Spartans, encouraged their women to learn the arts of war and martial skills.

Teuta gained fame as a rare beauty and the heir to the throne chose her as his wife and queen.

Teuta, married to King Agron, was above all a good warrior, aggressive and with a strong sense of justice.

Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the

Teuta's marriage to King Agron lasted 18 years, which was a time of great political, economic and military progress for the Illyrian kingdom.

Teuta ascended the throne in 231 BC. After the death of her husband Agron, she ruled in the name of her infant son, Pinnes (Agron's son from a previous relationship), and at that time the powerful Illyrian state stretched from the left bank of the Neretva to Epirus, including all islands except Vis.

Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the

Within a short time, Teuta managed to strengthen and consolidate her power, made powerful allies and continued her husband's reforms.

It stimulated the economy, encouraged the development of Illyrian cities, strengthened the army and created its own navy, through the creation of Liburnian ships.

Teuta managed to expand the borders of her kingdom, after defeating the Greek army and taking Phenicia, the richest and most important city of Epirus.

Not only did she control the Adriatic Sea, but after her military success, she gained control of the Ionian Sea.

The people began to call Teuta the "Queen of the seas".

However, perhaps more than her mighty fleet, Teuta's most formidable forces were the Illyrian pirates who roamed the nearby seas.

Pirates were completely legal in Illyria and even being a pirate was considered a viable if not respectable profession.

Teuta allowed her ships free reign in the Mediterranean Sea.

Her political and military empowerment in such a short time in the region was worrying for Rome.

The Senate considered the rivalry of such a powerful woman, who had great ambitions, unacceptable.

Rome had already turned its attention to its eastern neighbors after the historic victory at Carthage.

Illyria and its maritime possessions were among Rome's main targets because of their strategic importance.

The senators used attacks on Roman merchant ships by Illyrian pirates as an excuse to launch the next military campaign.

At first, the Romans tried the diplomatic route. They sent two ambassadors to Illyria to convince Teuta.

But when they got there, Teuta refused, informing them that pirates were not illegal in the Ardian Kingdom.

Teuta was apparently so offended by the Roman envoys that she blockaded their ships.

Moreover, she held one ambassador captive and killed another. This action of hers was enough for Rome to use it as a pretext to start the war.

The queen fought heroically and blockaded the entire coast. It also won numerous battles against the Roman army, which was twice as large in number as the Illyrian army.

To defeat the warrior queen, the Romans used various tricks.

Teuta was betrayed by one of her most powerful and trusted commanders, Demetrius of Pharos, who had claims to the throne.

Although betrayed and in unequal conditions, Teuta and her army continued to fight for another six months against the Romans.

Unable to continue her resistance, Teuta was forced to accept a peace treaty with the Roman ambassadors, retreating to the Illyrian city of Rizan, fearing that Scutari (today Shkodra), the capital of the Ardian kingdom, might fall into the hands of the Romans.

Teuta, the Illyrian queen of the seas who defied Rome and the legend of the

Despite being defeated, Teuta managed to negotiate with the Roman delegates to improve the peace terms for the Illyrians.

The queen's negotiations later gave the Illyrians the opportunity to recover economically and militarily, prompting a second war against the Roman occupation.

However, Teuta did not return to the throne, and historical records of what happened to him after this period are few and uncertain.

The most popular account states that Teuta eventually ended her life by jumping off a cliff in the bay of Kotor, in present-day Risan, in Montenegro.

According to legend, Risan was cursed by the queen's death and is now the only city in the area without a maritime heritage.

However, the exact circumstances surrounding Teuta's death have never been confirmed.

Despite her tragic end, Teuta left an indelible mark on history.

Indeed, even after its fall, Illyria challenged Rome for decades. It would not happen until the Third Illyrian War in 168 BC

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