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mRNA vaccine against cancer, a historic moment

2026-08-24 08:53:58Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

mRNA vaccine against cancer, a historic moment

An experimental melanoma treatment based on mRNA technology also used in COVID-19 vaccines has shown positive results in a phase 3 clinical trial, the Washington Post reports.

The results announced yesterday by pharmaceutical companies Moderna and Merck could mark a historic moment for the development of personalized cancer vaccines.

The treatment, called autogenous intismeranan, aims to prevent melanoma from returning after surgical removal of the tumor.

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and can return even after the tumor has been completely removed.

The phase 3 study included more than 1,100 patients with surgically removed melanoma.

The treatment was used in combination with Keytruda, a widely approved immunotherapy.

According to Moderna and Merck, the combination met the study's primary objectives, improving relapse-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival.

However, the companies have not yet released all of the study data and the results have not been independently reviewed.

The full data are expected to be presented at an upcoming scientific meeting. For this reason, the results published so far are still considered preliminary.

The therapy is personalized for each patient. Initially, the genetic analysis of the tumor is performed and its comparison with normal cells is carried out to identify the characteristic mutations of cancer.

A computer algorithm selects up to 34 abnormal proteins that are thought to be likely to trigger a strong immune response.

Based on this information, a patient-specific mRNA vaccine is created.

The mRNA molecules give the immune system instructions to recognize characteristic tumor markers, aiming for immune cells to identify and destroy cancer cells that carry these characteristics.

The results of the second phase had previously shown a significant benefit.

In combination with Keytruda, the therapy significantly reduced the risk of melanoma recurrence or death, compared with treatment with Keytruda alone.

These results had been one of the main reasons for moving to a much larger phase three study.

The importance of this technology may go beyond melanoma.

Researchers are also testing similar personalized mRNA vaccines against lung, kidney, bladder, and other tumors.

If the approach is confirmed in other studies, it could change the way some types of cancer are treated.

Moderna and Merck have been investing in this technology for years, long before the COVID-19 pandemic.

The experience gained during the development of coronavirus vaccines helped accelerate research into the use of mRNA in other areas of medicine.

If full results confirm the reported benefits and the treatment receives regulatory approval, autogenous intismeran could become the first mRNA-based cancer therapy to reach widespread use.

However, this is not a universal vaccine that prevents or cures all forms of cancer, but a personalized therapy that targets a patient's specific tumor.

Experts consider the result a particularly important development for the field of cancer vaccines.

The success of a personalized therapy in a phase 3 trial could indicate that mRNA technology, which became popular around the world during the pandemic, could have a much broader role in the medicine of the future.


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