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Not Just the Templars: The 10 Most Mysterious Secret Societies in History

2022-08-16 19:31:08Histori SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Not Just the Templars: The 10 Most Mysterious Secret Societies in History
Templars

From the Essays to Beati Paoli (where Cosa Nostra was born): the most mysterious and powerful secret societies.

The most famous are the Templars, but secret societies that have marked the history of mankind since the dawn of time. From mysterious cults to mysterious groups formed on the web, there are dozens, explains Michele Leone in the book "Guide to secret societies. We have selected 7, the most important.

Essenes

The brotherhood of the Essenes dates back to the 2nd century BC and were concentrated in small villages in ancient Jerusalem. They lived in small isolated communities with their own rules.

"Their story came back into vogue with the discovery of the Qumran manuscripts (pictured) in 1947," writes Leone. The essays, which Pliny the Elder was also interested in, entered the legend because they were said to have incredible healing powers and because some studies of ancient secret societies have hypothesized that Jesus Christ was also part of this secret society. But here we enter the camp of (mined) religion.

BLESSED PAULI

During the interrogation in court, Totò Riina said that he had read half of the book "I Beati Paoli". It is about the novel by Luigi Natoli, published in part in the Gazette of Sicily in 1909, which was inspired by the Beati Paoli, a sect of masked assassins/lawyers of the people, quite active in Palermo during the 700s and 800s and from this sect is said to have originated Cosa Nostra. "We cannot determine whether they were the armed wing of political power, murderers or pious men seeking justice or something else, but they cannot be just a memory. Their story makes us reflect on the difference between revenge and justice", writes Leone.

KNIGHTS OF THE APOCALYPSE

They were declared protectors of the Catholic Church from the Antichrist. But in reality the Knights of the Apocalypse, starting from their founder, were a mixture of fanaticism and mysticism that did not hide the intention to change the world. "The sect reached a large number of about 80 members, where most of them were artisans and merchants, who had the habit of keeping their swords by their side even while working", reads the Secret Societies Guide. They prospered until 1694 when they were denounced by the Holy Inquisition (pictured) who caught them red-handed.

THE ILLUMINATI

If there is one secret society that inspires anxiety and hundreds of conspiracy theories it is the Illuminati, which originated from a pre-Masonic secret society founded by Johann Adam Weishaupt in 1776 in Bavaria. The purpose of the first Illuminati was to "try to create a different, better man, a modern man." In order to achieve this, they deliberately made a "political" program: to get the members of their Order to be advisers to world governments, thus transforming the institutions from within".

They disappeared from the chronicles around the 800s, but in reality they have never left the popular culture, protagonists of films, books starting from the novel "Angels and Demons" by the writer Dan Brown.

The fact that this society did not require belief in a supreme being made it famous among atheists. There are many conspiracy theories, according to which the "Illuminati" still operates to this day and manages the major actions of the world's governments with the desire to create a world-wide government based on humanistic and atheistic principles.

BROTHERHOOD OF ETERNAL LOVE

In an article from 1972, the American magazine Rolling Stone described them as the "hippy mafia". But the brotherhood of eternal love was closer to the antagonistic groups of Nixon's America than Cosa Nostra. Their philosophy of life was based on the study of different religions, with a special eye towards the Oriental ones. But above all the brotherhood of this society was convinced of the spiritual benefits of Lsd. And for many years they financed the sale of cannabis and also of the drug Lsd. It was this mix of drugs and religion that made this society one of the strangest secret (and outlaw) Californian societies of the 1960s.

ELKS

The most famous American fraternity is probably that of the Elks, born in 1868, with noble goals and anti-prohibitionism, and over the years it was transformed into a ritualistic secret society made famous by the prestige of its members. and in continuation of the works of charity. Today this society has few secrets and almost all rituals are done in the sunlight, they even have a website (elks.org). But the Elks still preserve a part of the ancient mystery, perhaps because among the members there are many important personages "...figures of political weight, powerful people of business and entertainment in the United States. Above all, it is enough to remember that this organization included presidents such as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Warren G. Harding, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy and Gerald R.

Gjinkalla 3301

And the secret society of the Internet could not be missing. Cicada (cicada) 3301, since 2012 populates the web with a series of complicated puzzles with the goal of recruiting "intelligent individuals". Since the puzzles are really difficult and related to data security, cryptography, etc., one of the hypotheses is that Gjinkalla is actually a way for secret services or mysterious technology companies to recruit IT security experts. "Others, - Leone writes - look after Gjinkalla for the traces of Ilumat, Masons and other cult groups".

THE SECRET SIX

One of the lesser known secret societies is that of the Secret Six. We all know that Al Capone was caught thanks to a ruse: A charge of tax evasion. But who found the way for the boss of the bosses of the Chicago mafia to fall into the hands of justice? According to some sources, behind his arrest was the hand of the "Gang of Six": a group of entrepreneurs and judges from Chicago who in the 30s formed a small secret club with the goal of fighting crime that had gotten out of control. To achieve their goal, they gave Alexander Jamie (Chicago's chief of special agents) all the necessary information and supplied him with funds in support of the espionage activity that led to the arrest of Al Capone. They are also mentioned in the book "The Untouchables": "These six people - writes Eliot Ness - were playing with their lives,

SECT OF ASSASSINS

During the Crusades, the Muslim sect known as the "Assassins" (Assassins or Hashshashin) eliminated powerful enemies using one method: murder.

For nearly two centuries, from 1090 to 1273, the Order of the Assassins played a major role in the Middle East. A small Shiite sect, known as the Assassins, were geographically dispersed and considered heretics by the majority Sunni Muslims. But at the end of the 11th century, the ruthless Hasan Sabbah turned this sect into one of the most dangerous terrorist groups in the entire world. Even the most powerful rulers, sultans, viziers, emperors and heads of different states lived in terror of the so-called "Assassins".

Fanatical and disciplined, Hasan Sabbah and his successors were excellent practitioners of asymmetric warfare. They created means of attack that were at an advantage against their opponents, as well as putting a small number of their army at risk. As an effective form of deterrence, political, religious, and military leaders produced a stable balance between their own power and that of their enemies, reducing the level of conflict and loss of life on both sides.

Today, 750 years after the Mongols destroyed them, the methods used by the Assassins, systematic killing to end a political goal, find use by terrorist groups such as Hamas, Hezbollah and Al-Qaeda. But for Hasan Sabbah, the acts of terror were a legitimate response for self-defense precisely because their targets were religious, political and military leaders who, according to them, had committed hostile actions against the community. Surely Hasan Sabbah had to look down on the tactics used by today's terrorist groups in the Middle East where unarmed civilians are the target.

Templars

Founded in 1118 by the aristocrat Hygo di Payns, in deference to the request of San Bernardo di Chiaravalle at the end of the first crusade, the Order of the Templars was originally composed of 11 French monks armed with swords, whose duty it was to protect from irreligious pilgrims traveling along the holy road from Jaffa to Jerusalem.

The Arabs called the Templars "white devils". The birth of this order must be connected in a territorial and historical sense with the Holy Land which was at the center of the wars between Christian and Islamic forces after the first crusade, when the roads to the Holy Land were endangered by robbers and Islamic fanatics who they attacked and robbed pilgrims.

The order, which had its headquarters in the place where it was believed that the temple of Solomon (from which it got its name) was born in antiquity, was recognized by the Church in 1129 and was subsequently recognized with great privileges.

Beard and mustache

The first Knights were laymen, but being chaste, obedient and poor, this allowed the Order to accumulate infinite wealth, also as a result of the transfer of monetary values ​​to and from the Holy Land. A good part of these assets were used for the construction of 9 thousand churches, palaces and fortified places.

They lived according to very strict rules: they were obliged to observe frequent religious holidays, to fast according to the Christian rite, to do charity, to eat in peace while listening to a Bible reading, to keep their hair short, beard and moustache. . They wore white robes with a red cross on the left shoulder and their ultimate authority was the Grand Master.

The influence of the Templars (in 1147 their number was about 300, but soon they numbered thousands) spread rapidly throughout Europe, and their wealth grew at a dizzying rate (they were very close to inheriting the kingdom of Aragon in Spain.)

The decline of this order began in 1307: accused of sodomy, treason, greed and idolatry, hundreds of Templars were arrested, tortured and sentenced to the stake by the king of France, Philip IV, perhaps afraid of their power, and in 1312 the Order was closed by the Council of Vienna.

Legends about the Templars

The strongly mystical character of the Order of the Templars was its location in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, the very place where Solomon's temple had been born. This very fact has led to the flourishing of many legends about the Templars, who even today have many steadfast supporters.

One of the legends is the taking possession of the Holy Grail, as well as the Ark of the Covenant, and this gave them the power of an occult government above all other governments.

Legend, but with a possible basis of truth: according to most historians, their wealth made them all powerful and out of control. In a century, in the 1300s, when the state sought to emancipate itself from the Church, the Templars were a dangerous obstacle to cross.


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