
Common infections cause about 1 in 8 cancer cases worldwide, according to a new study, highlighting opportunities for prevention through vaccination.
The study, published in The Lancet Oncology and conducted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, part of the World Health Organization, estimates that infections caused about 2.3 million new cancer diagnoses in 2024.
At the top of the list are Helicobacter pylori, a common stomach bacterium, and the human papillomavirus (HPV), which together account for the majority of these cases.
Other major causes are hepatitis B and C viruses, as well as the Epstein-Barr virus, which has recently been linked to a wider range of cancers than previously thought.
The study highlights that a significant proportion of these cases are preventable. Vaccines against HPV and hepatitis B, along with routine screening and antiviral treatments, can help reduce the burden of these diseases.
However, more than three-quarters of cases occur in low- and middle-income countries, where access to healthcare is more limited.
Researchers emphasize that vaccination and early detection can play an important role in cancer prevention./TAR