According to sports historian Arthur Swan, the inventor of the whistle was the rugby referee from New Zealand, William Harrington Atack (1857-1930), writes focus.it.
For centuries, ball games from ancient China, fifth-century BC Greece (episkyros and phenidei) and ancient Rome (harpastum, or "soccer"), to variants in medieval France and Italy The Renaissance (florentinum harpastum, "Florentine football") became refereeless.
The same thing happened, in mid-1800s England, at rugby matches and the first football matches.
It was not until around 1870 that the first judges or arbitrators appeared. They stood on the sideline and used their voices to get the players' attention. So at the end of the game they were often speechless because of the shouting during the match.
However, one day in June 1884, William Atack pocketed the whistle he used for his dogs and used it to stop the game.
The innovation was liked and adopted first in rugby and then in football.
In 1891, the International Board of the Football Federation defined the duties of the referee and officially gave him a notebook and a whistle.