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NEW STUDY/ Age of universe is 26.7 billion years, nearly twice as old as previously believed

2024-04-17 08:54:08Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

NEW STUDY/ Age of universe is 26.7 billion years, nearly twice as old as

Our universe may be twice as old as current estimates, according to a new study that challenges the dominant cosmological model and sheds new light on the so-called "impossible early galaxy problem."

The work has been published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

"Our newly developed model extends the time of galaxy formation by several billion years, making the universe 26.7 billion years old, rather than the previously estimated 13.7," says lead author Rajendra Gupta, assistant professor of physics at Faculty of Sciences at the University. of Ottawa.

For years, astronomers and physicists have calculated the age of our universe by measuring the time since the Big Bang and studying the oldest stars based on the redshift of light from distant galaxies. In 2021, thanks to new techniques and advances in technology, the age of our universe was thus estimated at 13.797 billion years using the Lambda-CDM matching model.

However, many scientists have been puzzled by the existence of stars like Methuselah that appear to be older than the estimated age of our universe and by the discovery of early galaxies in an advanced state of evolution made possible by the James Webb Space Telescope. These galaxies, existing only about 300 million years after the Big Bang, appear to have a level of maturity and mass typically associated with billions of years of cosmic evolution. Additionally, they are surprisingly small in size, adding another layer of mystery to the equation.

Zwicky's tired light theory suggests that the drift of light from distant galaxies is due to the gradual loss of energy by photons over great cosmic distances. However, it was found to contradict the observations. However, Gupta found that "by allowing this theory to coexist with the expanding universe, it becomes possible to reinterpret the redshift as a hybrid phenomenon, rather than simply due to expansion."

In addition to Zwicky's theory of tired light, Gupta introduces the idea of ​​the evolution of "coupling constants", as hypothesized by Paul Dirac. Coupling constants are fundamental physical constants that govern the interactions between particles. According to Dirac, these constants may have changed over time. By allowing them to evolve, the timescale for the formation of early galaxies observed by the Webb telescope at high redshifts can be extended from a few hundred million years to a few billion years. This provides a more likely explanation for the advanced level of development and mass observed in these ancient galaxies.

Additionally, Gupta suggests that the traditional interpretation of the "cosmological constant," which represents the dark energy responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe, needs revision. Instead, he proposes a constant that accounts for the evolution of the coupling constants. This modification to the cosmological model helps address the puzzle of the small sizes of galaxies observed in the early universe, allowing for more precise observations.


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