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Will artificial intelligence change the world of work?

2023-12-14 10:04:56Biznes SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Will artificial intelligence change the world of work?

In the future, AI will perform many tasks currently performed by humans. Now, some tasks related to the work of the administrator and clerks seem very vulnerable. But while AI will certainly displace jobs, most experts believe it will create new ones.

In a ground-breaking effort to regulate the use of Artificial Intelligence in Europe, member states and the European Parliament reached a preliminary agreement on the so-called AI Act, the world's first attempt to regulate Artificial Intelligence in a comprehensive and ethics-based way.

Technology may not have a significant negative impact on the number of jobs available to people, but it will certainly transform the way jobs are done. It implies a redistribution of economic value from those with skills that can be replaced by technology to those with skills that can be filled by technology.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted this trend. In the EU, highly educated workers were able to turn to remote work, while most of the job losses fell on low-wage and low-educated workers, thus widening the income gap. A recent survey by the World Economic Forum estimates that technological progress, including AI, will create 69 million jobs globally in the next five years, but also eliminate 83 million jobs.

However, according to research by Goldman Sachs, AI could bring an increase of nearly €6.47 trillion in annual global GDP over a ten-year period. Rapid technological transformation and new digital technologies bring new job opportunities. They create new jobs for people, expand access to education, increase productivity, improve our efficiency and help us get our jobs done more effectively.

According to a study conducted by the OECD, 63% of workers using AI in finance and manufacturing said that AI had improved satisfaction in their jobs. Artificial intelligence is reshaping worker skill sets. Employees are increasingly required to retrain or upgrade to effectively use new technologies at work.

Additionally, employers are increasingly looking for tech-savvy workers who can facilitate the adoption of AI in the workplace. So while AI can replace jobs that can be replaced by technology, employers are keen to find workers with skills that can complement technology, and especially those with human skills that technology can't replicate.

In December 2022, the EU institutions adopted a solemn declaration on digital rights and principles for the Digital Decade. The declaration emphasizes the need to put 'people at the centre' and contains clear commitments to guarantee fair and just working conditions and the right to acquire basic and advanced digital skills for all.

AI-powered algorithms already monitor employee performance and could be used in the future to hire and fire staff. Technology plays a primary role in reshaping the relationship between employers and employees. But it can often exacerbate power asymmetries. So-called "affective computing", or the use of algorithmic management in the workplace, is one such issue.

The AI ​​Act will set out a set of rules that companies must follow before offering their services to consumers anywhere in the EU's single market. The law proposes a pyramid-like structure that divides AI-powered products into four main categories according to the potential risk they pose to citizens' security and their fundamental rights. These four categories of risk include: minimal, limited, high and unacceptable. Systems considered high-risk include applications that have a direct and potentially life-changing impact on citizens.

This group will include applications that have a direct and potentially life-changing impact on citizens, such as CV sorting software for job interviews and university exam assessment software. These will be subject to strict rules that will apply before they enter the EU market and throughout their lifetime.


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