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Albania most at risk from earthquakes and floods, the Ministry of Defense announces the new strategy

2022-09-09 21:44:36Aktualitet SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Albania most at risk from earthquakes and floods, the Ministry of Defense
The building damaged by the earthquake

The biggest dangers in Albania are strong earthquakes and floods.

In addition to these risks, the typical risk in the whole country is that of small-scale disasters related to floods, landslides and extreme weather events assessed in the National Strategy for the Reduction of Risks from Events for 2023-2030 published for public consultation. from the Ministry of Defense.

The strategy promotes the establishment of functional arrangements for coordination between all actors in Albania and defines critical areas where capacities should be strengthened.

The draft estimates that on average damage from earthquakes and floods is estimated at USD 147 million per year, with a catastrophic event, such as a 1 in 100 year earthquake for example causing damages in excess of USD 2 billion. Specifically, the damage of the earthquake of November 26, 2019 was estimated at around 1 billion euros.

According to the document, the risk of earthquakes in Albania is also increased by weak infrastructure, illegal constructions where safety criteria are not applied and the placement of buildings in areas with high seismic risk, such as the former swamp of Durrës, where an earthquake causes the collapse of buildings.

In addition, there is a low level of real estate insurance and the ability of the economically poor (especially rural) population to recover from the consequences of earthquakes. Moreover, in Albania there are 362 dams higher than 15 m with populated areas below them. They are relatively old, especially those under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development or local government, which make up about 90% of dams and are therefore more vulnerable to seismic activity.

An assessment made for the technical condition of 626 dams resulted in the conclusion that 410 (or 65% of the total number) show significant technical problems and require urgent attention. Water drainage has also deteriorated due to the flooding of drainage canals and the reduction of the drainage capacity of hydrovores. The draft emphasizes that the situation is expected to worsen further due to climate change, which has been reflected in extreme weather phenomena.

Vlerësohet se ka një numër të konsiderueshëm ndërtimesh pa leje në infrastrukturën e ujitjes, kullimit dhe mbrojtjes nga përmbytjet. Urbanizimi dhe ndërhyrja njerëzore nga njëra anë, degradimi natyror nga ana tjetër, kanë bërë që shumë prej infrastrukturave mbrojtëse të jenë jashtë funksionit ose gjysmë-funksionale, në një mjedis ku frekuenca, ashpërsia dhe shpërndarja gjeografike e përmbytjeve janë në rritje.

Regarding flood early warning systems (EWS), the national disaster risk reduction strategy for 2023-2030 notes that several flood warning studies targeting multiple river basins have been carried out so far. The Institute of Geosciences is the main actor that detects, monitors, analyzes, predicts and distributes and communicates timely warning information about potential floods.

In order to strengthen and increase the level of flood risk management, Albania is drafting the Flood Risk Management Plan document./Monitor


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