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Study: A rare genetic mutation provides general immunity to viruses

2025-08-24 10:25:35Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Study: A rare genetic mutation provides general immunity to viruses

A recent study published in the journal Science Translational Medicine found that recreating a rare genetic mutation could enable near-universal immunity to viruses.

A rare genetic mutation, a deficiency in the interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) that appears to make humans nearly immune to viruses, has been recreated in laboratory animals, raising hopes that it could one day be used as a therapy.

People with ISG15 deficiency experience mild and persistent inflammation, but their virus-fighting proteins remain constantly active. Despite exposure to common infections such as the flu, measles, and chickenpox, they report only mild symptoms.

"In the back of my mind, I kept thinking that if we could produce this kind of mild immune activation in other people, we could protect them from almost any virus," said Columbia University immunologist Dusan Bogunovic, who first discovered the phenomenon 13 years ago.

Bogunovic and his colleagues have used technologies similar to mRNA vaccines to provide a temporary deficiency of ISG15 in laboratory animals.

The bodies of mice and hamsters that underwent the treatment produced 10 key proteins with antiviral effects that blocked infections at multiple stages.

Further infected with SARS-CoV-2, the proteins from the vaccinated animals limited the infection but did not interfere with the rest of the animals' immune system.

"We only generate a small amount of these 10 proteins, for a very short time, and this leads to much less inflammation than what we see in individuals with ISG15 deficiency," Bogunovic explained, underlining that inflammation is "sufficient" to prevent viral diseases.

Although the protective effect lasted up to four days, it could potentially offer short-term protection for healthcare workers before specific vaccines are available.

The technique could strengthen responses to future pandemics like COVID-19 or the Spanish Flu, but remains in the early testing phase with major hurdles in safely delivering mRNA where it is needed in humans.


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