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The five ways our brain ages

2024-08-23 19:19:46Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
The five ways our brain ages
The five ways our brain ages

Not just wrinkles and gray hair. Aging also leaves unmistakable marks on the brain's anatomy, with areas shrinking and others changing their structure.

There are five fundamental changes identified so far, and recognizing them has not been easy at all, because they are invisible but inescapably real changes that have as much to do with lifestyle as genetics.

They were described in the journal "Nature Medicine" by the research group coordinated by the University of Pennsylvania and which includes artificial intelligence experts and biomedical image analysts.

What occurs in the aging brain are changes associated with specific conditions, such as Parkinson's, and knowing them promises to make future diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases more accurate.

To see how the brain changes with age, it was necessary to analyze about 50,000 images taken with nuclear magnetic resonance.

An artificial intelligence system was used for this.

"The human eye is unable to perceive how the changes associated with cognitive decline occur," notes Christos Davatzikos, an expert in biomedical imaging at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, who authored the article with Zhijian Yang, an expert in artificial intelligence. in applied biomedicine from the same university.

It took eight years to complete the first comprehensive analysis capable of going beyond what had been done so far, which had led to partial studies conducted on a small number of individuals.

The researchers were assisted by the AI ​​system called "Surreal-Gan".

However, it first needed to be trained, and this was done by teaching the system to read the MRI data of 1,150 healthy people aged 20-49 and 8,992 older adults, some of whom had problems with cognitive decline.

The result of this analysis led to the identification of five signs of brain aging.

Three of them, for example, are present in some forms of dementia, others in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

The hope of the researchers is that in the future these changes can help predict the onset of dementia more accurately.

Associations were also identified between the five changes and lifestyles, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, or with genetic characteristics.


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