
Residents of eastern Ukraine are preparing for war. "We know what's coming," says Mariya as she packs up the TV in her apartment in Kostyantynivka.
She will send him to Kiev before making the trip there with her son. "We are tired all day and suffer from mood swings and panic attacks. It's constantly depressing and we're scared."
In February, Russia captured the strategic town of Avdiivka. Since then, the invaders have advanced further west and taken several villages. Ukraine says its forces are being "held". But Russian troops are now attacking in five areas along the 1,100 km (700 mile) front line. And it is here in the eastern Donetsk region that Ukraine's defenders are being tested the most. People in cities like Pokrovsk, Kostyantynivka and Kramatorsk are now facing a fast-approaching frontline, even invasion.
Life is getting harder and harder for Mariya and her mother Tetyana as the Russians get closer. Their town is littered with signs of an approaching threat 30 km (19 miles) away. Almost every street has a damaged building. Anxiety fills the cold air in this city, once part of the industrial heartland of the former Soviet Union. Russia slowly destroys Ukrainian cities as it tries to take them.
Mariya explains that her mother Tetyana is staying, but she is confident that she will eventually follow. "I've already left twice, what's the point?" says Tetyana from her flat on the corner. She gives us slippers to wear around her house.
" It's scary everywhere. The whole country is on fire. ". It's one thing to stay in your house as long as you can, but you can also risk dying. While all of Ukraine is a war zone, the Donetsk region – along with four others – is a battlefield. Plumes of smoke are coming from the directions of Avdiivka, a town Russia recently captured, and Horlivka, which it has controlled since 2014. Russia is using air superiority and deeper ammunition reserves to continue the push, in a time when Western military aid to Ukraine is running out or being hampered by domestic politics. Nearby lies a wide valley with several reservoirs.