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The way our world will end? Study sheds light on solar system-destroying white dwarf star

2024-04-09 18:09:03Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
The way our world will end? Study sheds light on solar system-destroying white
Study sheds light on solar system-destroying white dwarf star

We all know the end of the world is coming sometime, but what exactly will it look like?

Scientists from the University of Warwick and other universities have studied the impact of white dwarfs, the last stars to have burned through all their fuel in planetary systems such as our own solar system.

When asteroids, moons and planets approach white dwarfs, their immense gravity tears these tiny planetary bodies into smaller and smaller pieces, which continue to collide, grinding them into dust.

While researchers said Earth will probably be swallowed by our host star, the Sun, before it becomes a white dwarf, the rest of our solar system, including the asteroids between Mars and Jupiter, as well as Jupiter's moons, could eventually are broken up by the Sun into a white star shape.

The way our world will end? Study sheds light on solar system-destroying white

Dr Amornrat Aungwerojwit from Naresuan University in Thailand, who led the study, said: "Previous research has shown that when asteroids, moons and planets approach white dwarfs, the massive gravity of these stars rips these small planetary bodies apart smaller and smaller pieces”.

Collisions between these pieces eventually grind them into dust, which eventually falls into the white dwarf, enabling researchers to determine what kind of material the original planetary bodies were made of.

For the new research, scientists investigated changes in the stars' brightness over 17 years, shedding light on how these bodies are disrupted. They focused on three different white dwarfs, all of whom behaved very differently.

The first white dwarf studied – known as ZTF J0328-1219 – appeared stable and "well-behaved" over the past few years, but the authors found evidence for a major catastrophic event around 2010.

Another star – known as ZTF J0923 + 4236 – was shown to dim irregularly every two months and show chaotic variability on timescales of minutes during these faintest states, before brightening again.

The third white dwarf analyzed – WD 1145+017 – was shown by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2015 to behave close to theoretical predictions, with large variations in numbers, shapes and transit depths. Surprisingly in this latest study, transits have now completely disappeared.

"The system, in general, is very gently brightening as the dust produced by the catastrophic collisions around 2015 dissipates," Gaensicke said. “The unpredictable nature of these transits can drive astronomers crazy, one minute they're there, the next minute they're gone. And that speaks to the chaotic environment they're in."


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