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What is Hamas, why Israeli intelligence failed and some other questions

2023-10-08 22:49:43Fokus SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
What is Hamas, why Israeli intelligence failed and some other questions
What is Hamas, why Israeli intelligence failed and some other questions

The Palestinian militant group Hamas launched an attack on Israel on Saturday, provoking the latter's response. There are hundreds killed by both sides.

What is Hamas?

Hamas is a Palestinian Islamic militant group that rules the Gaza Strip. Hamas has vowed to destroy Israel and has fought several wars with Israel since taking power in Gaza in 2007.

Në mes të atyre luftërave, Hamasi ka gjuajtur ose lejuar grupe të tjera të lëshojnë mijëra raketa në Izrael dhe ka kryer sulme të tjera vdekjeprurëse. Izraeli gjithashtu ka sulmuar vazhdimisht Hamasin me sulme ajrore dhe, së bashku me Egjiptin, ka bllokuar Rripin e Gazës që nga viti 2007, në atë që thotë se është për sigurinë e tij.

Hamasi në tërësi, ose në disa raste krahu i tij ushtarak, cilësohet si grup terrorist nga Izraeli, Shtetet e Bashkuara, Bashkimi Evropian dhe Britania e Madhe, si dhe nga fuqi të tjera. Hamasi mbështetet nga Irani, i cili e financon atë dhe ofron armë dhe trajnime.

Çfarë është Rripi i Gazës?

Rripi i Gazës është një territor 41 km (25 milje) i gjatë dhe 10 km i gjerë midis Izraelit, Egjiptit dhe Detit Mesdhe. Aty banojnë rreth 2.3 milion njerëz dhe është zona me dendësinë më të madhe të popullsisë në botë.

Izraeli kontrollon hapësirën ajrore mbi Gazën dhe vijën e saj bregdetare dhe kufizon se kush dhe çfarë mallrash lejohen të hyjnë dhe të dalin nëpër pikat e tij kufitare. Njësoj, Egjipti kontrollon se kush hyn dhe del përmes kufirit të tij me Gazën.

Rreth 80% e popullsisë së Gazës varet nga ndihma ndërkombëtare, sipas OKB-së, dhe rreth një milion njerëz mbështeten në ndihmën e përditshme ushqimore.

What is Hamas, why Israeli intelligence failed and some other questions

Pse po luftojnë Izraeli dhe Hamasi?

Ka tension të vazhdueshëm mes Izraelit dhe Hamasit, por sulmi i militantëve të shtunën erdhi pa paralajmërim. Hamasi gjuajti mijëra raketa në Izrael, ndërsa dhjetëra luftëtarë shkelën kufirin dhe pushtuan komunitetet izraelite, duke vrarë dhjetëra civilë dhe duke marrë robër të tjerë. Izraeli filloi sulmet ajrore të menjëhershme, duke thënë se kishte në shënjestër objektet e militantëve në Gaza.

How unprecedented is this attack?

According to the BBC, this is the most ambitious operation Hamas has ever launched from Gaza and the most serious cross-border attack Israel has faced in more than a generation.

Militants break the fence that separates Gaza from Israel in many places. The unprecedented attack came a day after the 50th anniversary of the surprise attack by Egypt and Syria in 1973 that started a major war in the Middle East. The significance of the date will not have been lost on the Hamas leadership.

Is this a failure for Israeli intelligence?

International analysts have begun to comment on it as such. With the combined efforts of the Shin Bet, Israel's domestic intelligence, the Mossad, its foreign spy agency, and all the assets of the Israel Defense Forces, experts say it's surprising no one predicted or realized this. thing before.

Israel has arguably the most extensive and well-funded intelligence services in the Middle East, with informants and agents inside Palestinian militant groups as well as in Lebanon, Syria and elsewhere.

On the ground, along the tense border fence between Gaza and Israel, there are cameras, ground motion sensors and regular army patrols.

The barbed wire fence is supposed to have been a "smart barrier" to prevent exactly the kind of infiltration that occurred in this attack. However, Hamas militants simply walked through it, punched holes in the wire, or entered Israel by sea and parachutes.

Palestine and its connection to the attack

The West Bank and Gaza, which are known as the Palestinian territories, as well as East Jerusalem and Israel, have all been part of the land known as Palestine since Roman times. These were the lands of the Jewish kingdoms in the Bible and are seen by Jews as their ancient homeland.

The borders of Israel are explained on the maps

Israel was declared a state in 1948, although the land is still called Palestine by those who do not recognize the existence of Israel as a state. Palestinians simultaneously use the name Palestine as an umbrella term for the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem.

What can happen next?

Hamas militant commander Mohammed Deif has called on Palestinians and other Arabs to join the militants' operation to "wipe out the [Israeli] occupation".

A big question now is whether Palestinians in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem or elsewhere in the region will heed his call.

Israel clearly sees the potential for a war that could break out on several fronts. A worst-case scenario is that it could attract the powerful Lebanese militant group Hezbollah.

The Israeli army has ordered a massive reinforcement of troops. As well as its intense airstrikes in Gaza, it has indicated it is planning a ground operation there.


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