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The first signs of a heart attack can be seen in the eyes

2022-06-16 12:16:18Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

The first signs of a heart attack can be seen in the eyes

Researchers led by the University of Edinburgh studied hundreds of thousands of Britons who were part of the Biobank database in the UK. Each participant had a photograph of their retina, a layer that feels light on the back of the eye. From these images, the researchers were able to examine the blood vessels in the retina, using a mass called the fractal dimension (Df).

The findings showed that low Df was associated with coronary artery disease and its potentially fatal outcome, heart attack, in the British.

Coronary heart disease is the most common type of heart disease and is the leading cause of heart attack. He was also the single biggest killer of both men and women worldwide in 2019. Researchers then developed a model that could predict the risk of heart attack. It took into account Df as well as traditional risk factors such as age, gender, race BMI and smoking status, called demographic data.

Ana Villaplana-Velasko, a doctoral student at the university, said the results were "impressive". The model was better at signaling and recording who is at increased risk of heart attack than relying solely on demographic data.

"The improvement in our model was even greater if we added a result related to a genetic predisposition to develop MI [heart attack]," said Villaplana-Velasco. She added: “We looked at Df genetics and found nine genetic regions that promote patterns of retinal vascular branching. It is known that four of these regions are involved in the genetics of cardiovascular disease.

"In particular, we found that these common genetic regions are involved in processes involved in the severity and recovery of MI [heart attack]." Changes in retinal blood vessels also indicate diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and stroke. Researchers believe that it is possible for each condition to have a unique retinal variation profile. Therefore, it is possible to perform a simple retinal examination to identify persons at risk.

The average age for a heart attack is 60 years old. The researchers found that their model achieved its best predictive performance more than five years before the event. "Thus, it would appear that calculating the individualized risk of MI [heart attack] in people over the age of 50 would be appropriate," Vilaplan-Velasco said. Although predicting a heart attack can be a daunting prospect, it is useful information for patients who can take steps to reduce their risk.

According to Vilaplan-Velasco, this will allow doctors to suggest behaviors that can reduce the risk, such as quitting smoking and maintaining normal cholesterol and blood pressure.

"Our work demonstrates once again the importance of a comprehensive analysis of routinely collected data and their value in the further development of personalized medicine." The findings were presented at the annual conference of the European Society of Human Genetics.


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