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Why is the most important Egyptian museum in the world, after the one in Cairo, located in Turin?

2024-02-05 17:33:50Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Why is the most important Egyptian museum in the world, after the one in Cairo,
Why is the most important Egyptian museum in the world, after the one in Cairo, located in Turin?

Why is the most important Egyptian museum in the world, after that of Cairo, located in the capital of Piedmont, Turin?, writes focus.it.

With over 30,000 artifacts, the Egyptian Museum of Turin, which turns 200 years old in 2024, is one of the most important in the world, second only to that of Cairo.

But why does such an honor belong to the Piedmontese capital, which certainly seems difficult to associate with the sands of Egypt?

The answer lies in one name, that of the archaeologist Ernesto Schiaparelli, creator of a series of excavations at the beginning of the twentieth century that led to many discoveries.

The birth of the museum dates back to 1824. It was promoted by the king of Sardinia Carlo Felice of Savoy, who last year had received more than 5 thousand Egyptian artifacts from the art collector Bernardino Drovetti.

While serving in Napoleon's army in Egypt, Drovetti had collected statues, sarcophagi, papyri, mummies and other objects of great value.

This material, added to several finds already in Savoy's possession, made possible the inauguration of the first true Egyptian museum in history.

Born in 1856, Schiaparelli studied in Turin and then was a student of the great French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero in Paris.

His talent earned him the position of director of the Egyptian section of the Archaeological Museum of Florence in 1880 and directorship of the Turin museum in 1894.

Beginning in 1903, under the auspices of the newly formed Italian Archaeological Mission in Egypt and, thanks to his talented collaborators, Schiaparelli organized a series of excavation campaigns introducing many innovations, such as the systematic use of photographs to document excavations, instead of drawings simple ones that were limited to the past.

The first major discoveries of Schiaparelli, who among other things had to navigate through the many forgeries in circulation at the time, occurred in the Valley of the Queens, near Luxor (ancient Thebes).

Numerous tombs came to light here, including the tomb of Prince Khaemwaset, son of Ramesses III, which contained exquisitely beautiful sarcophagi, mummies and hundreds of tomb fragments.

The most important discovery, however, was that of the magnificent tomb of Queen Nefertari, the "great royal wife" of Ramesses II.

The tomb, discovered in 1904, was looted, but several precious coffins, various funerary statues (ushabti), a large fragment of the sarcophagus lid, the knees of an unidentified mummy and a pair of sandals belonging to Nefertari herself.

This discovery was followed by an equally surprising one in 1906, again near Luxor. After identifying the working village of Deir el Medina (important for understanding the daily life of the ancient Egyptians), Schiaparelli found the tomb of Kha, an architect in the service of Pharaoh Amenhotep III, buried together with his wife Merit.

Finally an intact tomb, full of everyday objects and very important to researchers. In the following years the discoveries continued unabated and numerous finds continued to make their way to Turin.

Schiaparelli was a multifaceted man. He was a teacher, overseer and even a senator of the Kingdom. But among his many activities, one involved him from an early age and had nothing to do with Egyptology: philanthropy.

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