Completely disconnected from our own ideas and dependent on technology. Is all this "fooling" us?
This is how an MIT study in Boston raised the question: "Is ChatGPT harmful to the brain?"
This study has revealed that the way we create content with our brains or with the help of artificial intelligence, which profoundly changes not only the final result, but also the way our brains work.
How does the way we work affect our brain?
The brain-only group activated brain areas associated with creativity, meaning processing, and self-monitoring, all essential functions for generating, planning, and reviewing ideas. Meanwhile, those who used Google primarily activated the occipital and visual cortex, areas that process visual information from a screen.
But more interesting was what happened with ChatGPT users: they mainly activated brain areas associated with automatic and less creative functions, relying on an external structure to produce content.
Results: Conformity and distancing from content
The data shows that those who worked only with their brains produced different, varied, and original work. Unlike those who used artificial intelligence, who created similar and almost identical texts to each other.
A shocking fact: 83% of participants who used ChatGPT were unable to quote a single sentence from their work just minutes after submission. This indicates a lack of emotional and mental connection to the content, as well as an excessive focus on repeating information generated outside of themselves.
On the contrary, the vast majority of those who worked without AI were able to recall and cite important parts of their work, indicating a stronger connection to the content and creative process.
AI does not help in the acquisition of concepts
The use of AI, the study says, turns people into “collectors” of ideas that they don’t really own. When the texts were graded as school essays, the artificial intelligence algorithms rated the AI-generated texts higher. But teachers, the human graders, immediately recognized these texts and rated them lower.
The experiment that highlights "cognitive debt"
In a fourth phase of the study, the groups were swapped: those who had always used AI had to write without assistance, while the other group could use ChatGPT. The results were shocking: the group trained with AI had great difficulty activating their creative abilities, indicating a “cognitive debt,” a lack of mental exercise.
Only 2 out of 10 people in this group were able to recall a single element from a previous text, while the group that had previously worked without assistance excelled at creating content, even when using ChatGPT.
Brains "slackened" by excessive use of AI
Electroencephalography also confirmed: those who had learned to rely on AI showed weaker cerebral activity when left without help. Their minds seemed less creative, with less judgment and deep memory. In contrast, those who had worked independently managed to strengthen their capacities by using AI in a complementary way.
Conclusion: AI as a tool, not as a main support
The study concludes with a warning: when people unthinkingly reproduce AI suggestions, they give up on internalizing ideas and risk adopting shallow or distorted perspectives. Essentially, they become more susceptible to manipulation by propaganda or vested interests.
This study raises a major question for education, the university, and democracy itself: a free society, capable of thinking and judging independently, should use artificial intelligence only after having sustainably exercised and developed natural intelligence.