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40% of new cancer cases worldwide could be prevented, study says

2026-02-04 14:23:31Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

40% of new cancer cases worldwide could be prevented, study says

Almost 40 percent of new cancer cases globally are likely preventable, according to a new study.

The study found that smoking contributed to more cancer cases globally than any other risk factor, followed by infections and alcohol use.

The research was published in Nature Medicine on Tuesday, the day before World Cancer Day.

The study considered 36 types of cancer in 185 countries, from worldwide case data in 2022.

Also, 30 modifiable cancer risk factors were examined, which can be controlled, changed or managed to reduce the chances of contracting the disease.

Currently, smoking, infections and alcohol consumption are the main factors contributing to cancer cases globally, meaning that controlling them can potentially reduce the risk of the disease.

Using data from 2012, the researchers also examined population-level exposure to each risk factor, revealing the number of cases directly linked to each contributor.

Previously, most studies on cancer have focused on single risk factors and the number of deaths, rather than the total number of cases.

Smoking and infections are the leading causes of preventable cancer cases

Of the 18.7 million new cancer cases globally in 2022, about 7.1 million, or 38 percent, were due to preventable causes. Stomach, lung and cervical cancers accounted for almost half of the preventable cancer cases.

About 15 percent of preventable cases were due to smoking, which was the main risk factor, while 10 percent were due to infections. Alcohol consumption caused 3 percent of these cases.

Among the 9.2 million new cases in women, approximately 30 percent were considered preventable, with over 11 percent of these exacerbated by infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV).

Low- and middle-income regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa, account for the majority of these cases. Cervical cancer, in particular, was particularly prevalent in these areas.

On the other hand, in high-income regions such as most of Europe and North America, smoking contributed to the highest number of cancer cases in women.

Smoking was also the largest contributor to global cancer cases in men, in both low- and high-income regions, responsible for nearly 25 percent of the 4.3 million avoidable cancer cases. The second leading cause in men was infections, which were more common in Asia, Africa and South America.

This latest study aims to make it easier to develop cancer prevention strategies by considering different regions and their greatest risk factors, rather than adopting a "one size fits all" approach.


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