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India, Qatar or Turkey? Who can mediate Ukraine-Russia negotiations better?

2024-08-26 09:05:07Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
India, Qatar or Turkey? Who can mediate Ukraine-Russia negotiations better?
Vladimir Zelensky and Recep Tayyip Erdogan

To create opportunities for negotiation - this is always mentioned as a possible goal of Ukraine, which is why the Ukrainian army on August 6 penetrated into Russian territory.

According to the information of the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelenskiy, after the invasions in the Kursk region, the objective of creating an intermediate zone in the territory of the aggressor lies. Military experts have doubts whether Ukraine can keep these territories for a long time.

But in Kiev it seems to be clear – if one day the negotiations start, Russia is not going to withdraw from Donbass, Zaporizhia or Crimea without asking a price for it.

Negotiations are still far away, but for the occasion, when they will start sooner or later, there are several countries that come into consideration as mediators.

"India is convinced that no problem is solved on the battlefield", Prime Minister Narendra Modi said this idea in Warsaw, before leaving by train to Kiev, where he met with President Zelenski this week. According to Modi, he is looking at the "prospects of a peaceful solution to the current conflict in Ukraine".

India has never openly condemned the Russian invasion and maintains close economic cooperation with Russia, massively buying weapons from it. From the beginning of the war, India buys even more oil from Russia thus helping the war industry.

Footage of Modi embracing the Russian president in Moscow doesn't make India's bid for mediation any easier. It remains to be seen how suitable a mediator Modi will be after embracing President Zelenskiy in Kiev. Modi himself said that he himself is ready.

China

Even China for a long time from the economic point of view is actually on the side of Russia, using it as a sales market, but Russia is also an important supplier of raw materials for China. Beijing has always abstained from voting in the Security Council. Instead of criticizing Russia for the war, President Jinping received Putin with military honors in May. China, however, has offered itself as a mediator.

On February 24, 2023, the first anniversary of the war in Ukraine, the country presented a 12-point plan outlining the Chinese position. The main points were territorial integrity, respect for international law and the protection of the civilian population, but also the rejection of unilateral sanctions.

China sent its special envoys to some of the neutral countries of the global south. It did not attend the International Peace Conference in Switzerland in June 2024 – Ukraine accused Beijing then of rejecting the format.

Brazil

After the visit of the Chinese envoy to Brazil, this country together with China presented a six-point plan. The parties are requested not to further expand the conflict zone and that Russia and Ukraine should enter into direct dialogue. The exclusion of the possibility of using weapons of mass destruction, the protection of civilians and the exchange of prisoners is required.
The president of Brazil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, has not had any success as a mediator. In 2023, meetings with both Putin and Zelensky failed and he said that none of the parties is interested in peace. At the Switzerland conference, da Silva did not sign a final document, saying that no conflict can be resolved by talking to only one side. But Brazil for both countries is an important partner in the diplomatic scene, when the time comes for negotiations. Here it is thought that Lula can achieve something.

Qatar

Qatar has offered itself as a mediator not only in the Middle East conflict, but also in the war between Russia and Ukraine. Even promising secret talks were held in Doha until the beginning of August, the Washington Post reported a few days ago. These were thwarted by the Ukrainian offensive at Kursk. In recent years, Qatar has gained an important position as a mediating country in numerous conflicts.

The small but wealthy Gulf state seems to have learned from the diplomatic conflict and boycott by other Arab and North African countries in 2017-2021 that it is also beneficial for its security to build stable relations with many different partners ./DW


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