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24 EU countries are struggling with teacher shortages. What is the reason?

2024-08-29 10:38:57Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

24 EU countries are struggling with teacher shortages. What is the reason?

As the school year gets underway across the EU, 24 member states are struggling with teacher shortages, affecting student learning and hampering the goal of providing quality education for all. Sweden is reported as one of the most affected countries, with 153,000 qualified teachers by 2035.

Only Croatia and Cyprus reported no shortage of educational staff, according to the European Commission's Education and Training 2023 report, while Greece's existing public data do not allow it to assess whether all needs are covered or whether particular subjects may suffer shortages.

Most countries face a shortage of teachers especially in STEM subjects and qualified personnel in early childhood education and care. The German Education and Science Workers' Union, GEW, has warned "against lowering standards for teaching qualifications to compensate for staff shortages".

The teaching profession suffers from various unattractive problems, among them low pay, job insecurity and high workload. In 2021, only 8% of the overall teaching workforce was younger than 30, according to Eurostat.

The integration of Ukrainian children into EU schools because of the war has also exacerbated the problem of teacher shortages in Europe. In Poland, in February 2023, 43,800 children displaced from Ukraine were enrolled in early childhood education.

Meanwhile, many countries are suffering from an aging teacher population with a wave of retirements expected in the coming years, which only adds further pressure on the system.

In Portugal, one of the teachers' unions, Fenprof, estimates that between 4,700 and 4,800 teachers will retire, "the highest number in the millennium". The country will need more than 30,000 new professional educators by 2030.

The European Commission has promoted teacher mobility and awarded innovative teaching practices with an award as a way to address this shortage and restore the prestige of the profession.

Many EU countries have also tried to lure retirees back into the profession and have filled the gaps with teachers on temporary contracts as a bandwagon.

In April this year, ASTI Ireland General Secretary Kieran Christie said the Department for Education needed a "complete change in their thinking" to tackle the current teacher shortage.

Christie has suggested that a number of initiatives should be implemented to encourage teachers who have left Ireland to work abroad to return. However, an EU-level solution may be difficult to implement.


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