Microplastics have been found in human testicles, as researchers raise concerns that the discovery could be linked to falling sperm counts in men.
Scientists tested 23 people, as well as 47 tests from domestic dogs. They found microplastic contamination in every sample.
A link between reduced sperm count and human microplastics has not been established. However, the number of spermatozoa in the testes of dogs could be estimated and was lower in the samples with higher contamination with "PVC". The study demonstrates a correlation, but further research is needed to prove that microplastics cause sperm counts to drop.
Sperm counts in men have been declining for decades, with many studies pointing the finger at chemical pollution such as pesticides. Microplastics have also recently been detected in human blood, placenta and breast milk, indicating widespread contamination of human bodies. The health impact is still unknown, but microplastics have been shown to cause damage to human cells in the laboratory.
Huge amounts of plastic waste are thrown into the environment, and microplastics have polluted the entire planet, from the top of Mount Everest to the deepest oceans. Humans consume tiny plastic particles through food and water, as well as by inhaling them.
Particles can lodge in tissues and cause inflammation, like air pollution particles, or chemicals in plastics can cause damage. In March, doctors warned of potentially life-threatening effects after finding a significantly increased risk of stroke, heart attack and early death in people whose blood vessels were contaminated with microscopic plastic.
The study, published in the journal Toxicological Sciences, involved breaking down tissue samples and then analyzing the plastic that remained. Dog testicles were obtained from veterinary practices performing spay surgeries.
Human testicles had a plastic concentration almost three times higher than that found in dog testicles: 330 micrograms per gram of tissue compared to 123 micrograms. Polyethylene, used in plastic bags and bottles, was the most common microplastic found, followed by PVC.